Zeta PRAME Antibody. Zeta’s recombinant rabbit antibody recognizes PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma), a melanoma-associated antigen that was isolated from autologous T cells in a melanoma patient. The use of PRAME immunohistochemistry is well established for cutaneous melanocytic lesions. Over 90% of primary and metastatic melanoma (superficial spreading, nodular, and lentigo maligna) are positive for PRAME. Only about one third of cases of desmoplastic/spindle cell melanomas are positive for PRAME.
Studies have shown that immunohistochemical analysis for PRAME expression is useful for the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. It may also be valuable for margin assessment of a known PRAME-positive melanoma in frozen section evaluation. Unlike other popular PRAME clones, clone ZR383 doesn’t cross react with cutaneous sebaceous gland and its tumors.
In the publication (The utility of PRAME staining in identifying malignant transformation of melanocytic nevi – PubMed), researchers found a high rate (67%) of differential PRAME staining in adjacent benign and malignant melanocyte populations in NAM. In PRAME positive (4+) melanomas, PRAME differentiates 100% (24/24) of benign and malignant melanocyte populations. When 4+ staining is used as the threshold for positivity, PRAME staining has a sensitivity of 67% (24/36) and a specificity of 100% (36/36). These results support PRAME IHC can assist in distinguishing melanocyte populations in melanoma arising within nevi.
Epithelial tumors from endometrium, ovary, thymic, and germ cell, and some sarcomas (synovial sarcoma and myxoid liposarcoma) may be positive for PRAME. Thus, PRAME is a relatively unspecific immunohistochemical marker for surgical pathology. However, PRAME is useful in differentiating malignant melanoma from benign nevi.
PRAME functions as a transcriptional repressor, inhibiting the signaling of retinoic acid through the retinoic acid receptors RARA, RARB and RARG. PRAME prevents retinoic acid-induced cell proliferation arrest, differentiation and apoptosis. The PRAME gene encodes an antigen that is preferentially expressed in human melanomas and that is recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes. PRAME is not expressed in normal tissues, except testis. The PRAME protein acts as a repressor of retinoic acid receptor, and likely confers a growth advantage to cancer cells through this function.
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