Zeta TRBC1 Antibody. Zeta’s rabbit recombinant antibody recognizes TRBC1 (T-Cell Receptor Beta Constant 1), a gene that encodes a part of the T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain. TRBC1 is one of the two constant region genes for the TCR beta chain, the other being TRBC2.Humans have two nearly identical constant region genes (TRBC1 and TRBC2). Each T cell expresses either TRBC1 or TRBC2, but not both. TRBC1 and TRBC2 are mutually exclusive. TRBC1 is a part of the TCRαβ-CD3 complex only expressed on mature αβ T-cells; γδ T-cells are inherently negative for TRBC1. TRBC1 is mainly localized on the cell surface but also detectable in the cytoplasm. The clone ZR458 does not cross-react with with TRBC2/TCRβ constant region 2 protein. Malignant lymphomas and leukemias often show restricted expression of TRBC1 or TRBC2, rather than normal mixed, therefore, combination of TRBC1 antibodies can be used to determine T cell clonality by paraffin immunohistochemistry.
TRBC1 (is an increasingly important tool in hematopathology for evaluating T-cell clonality. TRBC1 is one of two mutually exclusive constant region isoforms of the T-cell receptor beta chain (TRBC1 and TRBC2). A given T-cell expresses either TRBC1 or TRBC2, but not both. In a polyclonal T-cell population, you see a mix of TRBC1+ and TRBC1– cells. In a monoclonal T-cell proliferation (e.g., T-cell lymphoma), virtually all T cells will be either TRBC1+ or TRBC1–.
Immunohistochemistry is useful for detecting T-cell clonality as it provides direct visualization of clonal versus polyclonal T-cell populations in tissue sections. A predominance of TRBC1+ or TRBC1– T cells supports T-cell neoplasia and is useful in small biopsies where flow cytometry isn’t possible. TRBC1 is particularly useful in identifying Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS, Sézary syndrome, Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ or ALK–) or other mature T-cell leukemias/lymphomas.
Zeta Corporation is a leader in recombinant monoclonal IVD antibodies for immunohistochemistry (IHC) offering 400+ tumor and tissue specific relevant products developed by a pathologist for pathologists. Visit Precision Recombinant Antibodies – IVD Antibodies – About Zeta Corporation (zeta-corp.com) to learn more about Zeta Corporation.