Zeta DPC4 / SMAD4 Antibody. Zeta’s rabbit recombinant antibody recognizes DPC4/SMAD4, a serine/threonine kinase that activates transcription and is considered a tumor suppressor, inactivated in more than half of pancreatic tumors and as well as other cancers. DPC4/SMAD4 is an essential marker for confirming a diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Signaling from the ligand-activated membrane receptor serine/threonine kinases to nuclear targets is mediated by a set of evolutionarily conserved proteins including DPC4/SMAD4. Upon proper ligand binding, TGF-β family receptors phosphorylate SMAD proteins which move into the nucleus, where they activate transcription. For this signaling pathway to be functional, the receptor-activated SMAD1/2 require association with SMAD 4/DPC4 (Deleted in Pancreatic Carcinoma, locus 4). SMAD4/DPC4 is considered a tumor suppressor since it is inactivated in more than half of pancreatic carcinomas and to a lesser extent in various cancers. The lack of DPC4/SMAD4 expression is present in approximately 80% of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma but rarely in endometrial (0%), colorectal (0%), ovarian (3%), lung (0%), breast (2%), adenocarcinomas, and malignant melanoma (4%).
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