The NUT antibody detects a protein called NUT (Nuclear Protein in Testis), which is involved in a variety of cellular processes, but where its abnormal expression has been associated with certain cancers, specifically NUT carcinoma. NUT carcinoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that primarily affects the thoracic and head and neck regions. It is characterized by the presence of a NUT fusion gene, typically resulting from a chromosomal translocation. NUT antibody staining is nuclear with > 90% of cells positive, and the reported sensitivity is 87% and the specificity is 100%. NUT is variably expressed among germ cell tumors, including dysgerminoma (60-90%), immature teratoma (75%), and spermatocytic seminoma (100%)
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